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Yang Education, Yin Education and Culture and Education—Kang You’s proposal for Confucianism
Author: Tang Wenming
Source: Author Author Authorized Confucianism Network
Selected from the author’s “Comfort Education in Wisdom: Kang You’s Application for Confucianism Thoughts”, published by the Chinese National Students’ Major Bookstore in 2012.
Time: Confucius was in the 2568th year of the yearPutting love Dingyouguan 4th June 2017
Jew July 26, 2017
The academic world generally closely links Kang Youyu’s Confucianism’s Confucianism with his modern literary perspectives, as if in Kang Youyu, “New Study on the Study of Learning” and “Confucian Reform” as the central modern literary perspectives have a certain connection with his Confucianism. When talking about Confucianism, Confucius must say that Confucius was the King of Su, the Master of the Earth, etc.
In fact, this is an error.
The word “Confucianism” first appeared in Kang Youwei’s works, in the “Kangzi’s Inside and Outer Chapter” written in 1886. Kang You’s proposal of Confucianism was the earliest literary “Teaching General Issue” which was slightly earlier than “Kangzi’s Inside and Outer Chapter”. [1]
From his thinking content, we can divide Kang Youxi’s Confucian thinking plan into the following stages:
The first stage was before meeting Liao Ping in 1890, when he did not establish his later modern literature school position;
The second stage was from the establishment of his own modern literature school position to the transformation method of 1894;
The third stage is from the rebellion of 1998 to the time when he was defeated by Wuxu to the time when he was rebelled by Xinhai;
The fourth stage is after Xinhai’s reaction.
The last three stages were all after he established his current literary academic establishment. Therefore, the difference between them was not the Confucian concept, but the system setting related to political and educational relations. The previous stage was basically ignored by the academic community, and even if there are comments on it, it is often overwhelmed.
This article focuses on the assessment of Kang You as a Confucian thinking from the first stage. The important thing is to consider the following two points.
First, Kang Youxuan proposed in the first stage to provide a monthly price for Confucianism and Confucianism in the last three stages. Therefore, from the assessment of the first stage, we can see more clearly that Kang Youxuan proposed some of the causes and movements of Confucianism.
Secondly, it is also the most noteworthy. The previous stage and the last three stages are in line with the right touch and health. href=”http://www.taiwanblog.net/Eric/%e4%b8%80%e4%ba%9b%e5%8c%85%e9%a4%8a%e7%b6%b2%e7%ab%99%e7%9a%84%e7%94%a8%e5%be%8c%e6%84%9f/”>官网官网官网官网官网官网官网官网官网官网官网官网’s academic differences and evaluation of Confucius’ differences means that the Confucian thinking in the previous stage and the Confucian thinking in the last three stages on their academic thinkingBaosheng Sweetheart Network is basically very different.
In other words, the Confucian philosophy proposed in the previous paragraph is not based on the ideological foundation of later modern literature, and this Confucian philosophy may be able to provide some more useless references for the reconstruction of Confucianism in the future.
One of the focus of “Teaching General Issue” is to understand the meaning of education and consider the implementation of education in the management level. It is said that “those who are good at teaching by themselves must be well-versed in governance.” [2] This thinking can be said to be a basic approach for Kang Youyi’s Confucianism. Although his Confucianism changed a lot later, the thinking based on management and self-education has not changed. It can even be said that the “Teaching General Issue” is the kind of thinking that can be separated from the practice of teaching.
In the media, Kang You combined the important content and writing purpose of the book for learning: “The above is the Tang and Yu, the above is the Zhou and Confucius, the below is the Zhu Zi, and the below is the Ming teaching. It is different from the teachings of the scholars and the official teachings. It is the meaning of the six arts, and it is the rule and rational, and it is contrary to the ancient times and the law is established.” [3] The following is a brief description.
Kang Youyi believes that “the place for people”Those who are different from birds and birds” and “the reason why a righteous person is different from a gentleman” are both lies in wisdom, and then they use wisdom to discuss the saints: “When a wise man is born, he is particularly good at distinguishing his nature and thinking his heart, but he is only saints. ”[4] He pointed out that the content of teaching relate to “the establishment of human nature”, and it mainly includes teaching ethics and the production of things.
The establishment of gift ethics and the completion of things are both required for extremely high wisdom, so the origin of teaching can only be the ancient sage with extremely high wisdom. He interrupted from Emperor Huang: “Talk ethics must be in thingsBaozhuang.com After production, even if it is made in the kitchen, it must be Huangdi before it can be formed. Teaching ethics and ethics are established, and things are prepared. The two are established by human nature. Giving teaching ethics is virtue; making things is Taoism. The later sages taught this, and the learning that what they said was taught this. ”[5]
From Emperor Huang to Shun, the teaching of the extremely beautiful virtues and Taoism was established: “Transferred to Shun, Taoism, Taoism, and Emperor, high and low for a hundred years, and the production of Changyang was extremely prosperous. ”[6] Here he quoted the notes of Shun in “Shang Shu” and “Mencius”, “Shi Kui Dianle” and other records, pointing out that “the establishment of teachings and learning begins from this.” [7] This is what is called “the promotion of Tang and Yu”.
Kang You’s most important point when he described the perspectives of establishing teachings and learning and learning in Shun was that he clearly divided the teachings, learning, and officials, and tried to connect with history and real paintings to the main meaning of the division:
“Now, the Yu system is recommended, and it is divided separately, with teaching, learning, and officials. Teaching means that virtues and nature are all around the world; learning means that the Taoist arts are all the way to scholars; officials are dedicated to officials. Those who are below the common people are pure, while those who are above the scholars are deep; those who are scattered in the common people are public, while those who are dedicated to the official are private. The ancient kings used the order and the order of the use of the fine and rough, and they all regarded it as a treatment, and the four generations of them were the same. If it is divided into a small way, it is called teaching and learning; if it is called teaching in a total way, it is called teaching. Later generations did not know the essence of the division, so they combined the teachings and priests but not as accessible as ordinary people, combined the official school and priests but not as good as officials, so the three were combined into one. The so-called priests also used chapters and sentences, so one of them was also destroyed, and the ancient teaching method was completely wiped out. For two thousand years, no one has distinguished him, and he is not satisfied with the treatment. Now, we have different teaching and learning, summarized principles, promoted destruction, understood what we thought, and reversed the root of it, so that we can teach and learn with great enthusiasm. ”[8]
Kang You’s division of teaching, learning and officials means that he divided three different religions from the beginning: the teachings of the people, the teachings of scholars and officials, and alsoFrom the perspective of learning, they can be called the learning of the people, the learning of scholars and officials. The focus of “Teaching General Issue” is to engrave these three teachings or the evolution of the three teachings in history. The focus is as reminded in the above quotation. It actually means that the teachings of the people and the teachings of officials are destroyed, leaving only the teachings of scholars, and the teachings of scholars are destroyed in the study of sentences and lyrics.
Kang Youxiu focused on the transformation from Zhou Gong to Confucius, and explained that the teachings of the people and the teachings o
